000			02134cam a22002894a 4500
001			vtls000315356
003			UG-KaMUL
005			20250613003554.0
010			_a2005-024560
020			_a0801883334 (pbk. : alk. paper)
039			_a201806081218 _b 952 _y 201305111618 _z991
040			_aUG-KaMUL
082			_a324.96 _2 22
092			_a324.96 LIN
100			_aLindberg, Staffan I., _d 1969-
245			_a Democracy and elections in Africa / _cStaffan I. Lindberg.
260			_aBaltimore : _bJohns Hopkins University Press, _c 2006.
300			_axiii, 227 p. : _bill. ; _c 23 cm.
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references (p. [203]-221) and index.
505			_aIntroduction. The role of elections ; Why Africa? ; On regimes ; On elections and democracy ; Preindependence and postindependence election s in African nations ; Contemporary Africa's track record ; Outline of the book -- On democracy and elections. Making a conceptual choice ; De fining democracy ; Operationalizing democratic qualities of elections ; Data collection and processing -- Elections in Africa over time. Frequ ency and number of elections ; The democratic qualities, on average ; D emocratic qualities of elections over time ; Conclusions -- The self-re inforcing power of elections. Going from bad to worse ; First, second, third, fourth and later elections ; A panel-group comparison ; Conclusi ons -- The causal effects of elections. Democratic qualities in society ; A missing factor of democratization ; Hypotheses and causal links -- Democratization by elections? Elections are associated with civil libe rties ; Analyzing by countries ; Conclusions -- Comparative perspective s and reflections. The transition paradigm ; Corruption and democratiza tion ; Stateness and social citizenship ; Lessons on consolidation ; Po licy implications ; The power of elections in unfavorable conditions.
650			_aElections _zAfrica.
650			_aDemocracy _zAfrica.
651			_aAfrica _x Politics and government _y 1960-
942			_2ddc _cBK
999			_c553574 _d553574