Table of Contents:- Chapter 1 Strategic Decision of Non-Profit Sta te Universities: Turning to Open and Distance Education by Ali Rıza E rdem--Chapter 2 Open and Distance Learning: Achievements and Challenge s in a Developing Sub-Educational Sector in Africa by Idowu Biao-- Cha pter 3 Bridging the Distance: The Pedagogy of Mobile Learning in Suppor ting Distance Learners by Mpine E. Makoe -- Chapter 4 Virtual Reality Applied in Distance Education by Adriana Soares Pereira and Sandra Du tra Piovesan -- Chapter 5 E-Learning in Chemical Education by Ana Mar ia Josceanu, Raluca Daniela Isopescu, Paula Postelnicescu, Anca Madalin a Dumitrescu and Razvan Onofrei --Chapter 6 Virtual Reality Technology as an Didactical and Pedagogical Resource in Distance Education for Pr ofessional Training by Elomar Christina Vieira Castilho Barilli --Chapt er 7 Quality Assurance in Distance Education in Brazil by Ana Alice Vilas Boas, Thair Hamtini, Patricia Aparecida Ferreira and Renata Pedr etti Morais Furtado --Chapter 8 Generations of Distance Education and Challenges of Distance Education Institutions in Japanese Higher Educa tion by Kumiko Aoki--Chapter 9 Locational Dynamics Influencing the Inf ormation Environment of Distance Learners in Botswana by Olugbade Olado k--Chapter 10 Study Mode Does Not Matter: MLearning Can Support Intern al and Distance Learners by Paul B. Muyinda, Jude T. Lubega, Kathy Lync h and Theo van der Weide